Some braids I buy are very thin in comparison to so called same strength braids. The old Jerry Brown 40lb is most defiantly thicker than the 56lb Shimano ocea I tend to use on my boat reels for targeting tuna and marlin. I would most defiantly say the 40lb is under rated and the 56lb would be far closer to its rating. I personally think Shimano have done this in mind with the fact that most people who spend more money on ocea will be the kind of anglers who do joins such as pr of fg knots.
What also needs to be considered is the fact most reels struggle with drag settings over 25kg and most anglers will rarely use more than 10kg of drag, so braids that break at 40-50lb will rarely break on fish. Reel ratings are like braid ratings, take them with a pinch of salt!!!
I use a fair amount of sufix131 20lb which I'm sure is closer to 40lb as Ive locked up on some hefty fish and sharks and not been able to break it using fishing reel drag. The 131 20lb looks to be every bit as thick as Shimano ocea 56lb.
Back to the original post though, these results do seem very odd. I wonder if you could find somewhere that does the calibrated testing like Paulus fishing used to do, there would have to be plenty of places in the UK with such equipment I would of thought. Who ever does IGFA line fish capture ratings would be able to do it.
Update, just found a test using 131 which confirms its well overrated, certainly no need for me to buy over 20lb for most of my fishing.
sufix 131 true breaking strength